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Yakima Valley AVA
The Yakima Valley AVA was the first American Viticultural Area established within Washington State, gaining the recognition in 1983. Part of the larger Columbia Valley AVA, Yakima Valley AVA is home to more than of vineyards, giving the area the largest concentration of wineries and vineyards in the state of Washington. The most widely planted varietals in the area are Chardonnay, Riesling, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot gris, and Syrah.〔T. Parker ''Discovering Washington Wines'' pg 36 Raconteurs Press 2002 ISBN 0-9719258-5-2〕 Nearly 40% of Washington state yearly wine production is made from Yakima Valley grapes.〔C. Fallis, editor ''The Encyclopedic Atlas of Wine'' pg 51 Global Book Publishing 2006 ISBN 1-74048-050-3〕 In addition to grapes, the Yakima Valley is also home to several fruit orchards growing apples, cherries, nectarines, peaches, pears and plums. Around the town of Zillah, there is the Zillah Fruit Loop driving tour through the area's orchards and vineyards. The area is also home to nearly 80% of the US hop production.〔T. Parker ''Discovering Washington Wines'' pg 37 Raconteurs Press 2002 ISBN 0-9719258-5-2〕
== Geography and climate ==
The Yakima Valley's borders include the sub-AVA of the Rattlesnake Hills to the north, the Horse Heaven Hills to the south and Red Mountain forming parts of its eastern boundaries. The Snipes Mountain AVA also lies within its boundaries. To the west, the Cascade Range forms a natural border and creates a rain shadow over the area which requires the use of irrigation in viticulture.〔 The appellation covers of land that is mostly contained within Yakima County, Washington with the eastern edge extending into Benton County. The cities of Yakima and Prosser are the main commercial centers with many wineries located in or around them. To the west, Mount Adams dominates the landscape along with the Yakima River on its eastward flow to the Columbia River.〔H. Johnson & J. Robinson ''The World Atlas of Wine'' pg 290 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 ISBN 1-84000-332-4〕
Overall, the temperature of the Yakima Valley is more temperate than the rest of the greater Columbia Valley AVA,〔 with average temperatures being 5°F (3°C) to 10°F (6°C) cooler.〔P. Gregutt (Yakima Valley AVA ) Appellation America〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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